Icya kane, ikoreshwa ryapolyimide:
Bitewe nibiranga polyimide yavuzwe haruguru mumikorere na chimie yubukorikori, biragoye kubona ibintu byinshi byakoreshwa nka polyimide muri polymers nyinshi, kandi byerekana imikorere idasanzwe muri buri kintu..
1. Filime: Nibimwe mubicuruzwa byambere bya polyimide, bikoreshwa mugukingira moteri hamwe nibikoresho byo gupfunyika insinga.Ibicuruzwa byingenzi ni DuPont Kapton, Ube Industries 'Upilex ikurikirana na Zhongyuan Apical.Filime isobanutse ya polyimide ikora nk'izuba ryoroshye rya selile.
2. Igipfukisho: gikoreshwa nka insuline ya langi ya insinga ya electronique, cyangwa ikoreshwa nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
3. Ibikoresho bigezweho: bikoreshwa mu kirere, indege n'ibigize roketi.Nibimwe mubikoresho byubushyuhe bwo hejuru birwanya ibikoresho byubatswe.Kurugero, gahunda yindege yo muri Amerika ya supersonic yateguwe ifite umuvuduko wa 2.4M, ubushyuhe bwubuso bwa 177 ° C mugihe cyindege, hamwe nubuzima bukenewe bwa 60.000h.Nk’uko raporo zibyerekana, 50% by’ibikoresho byubatswe byiyemeje gukoresha polyimide ya termoplastique nka matrix resin.Carbone fibre ishimangira ibikoresho byinshi, ingano ya buri ndege igera kuri 30t.
4. Fibre: Modulus ya elastique ni iya kabiri nyuma ya fibre karubone.Ikoreshwa nkayunguruzo rwibikoresho byo mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe n’ibikoresho bya radiyoyoka, kimwe n’imyenda itagira amasasu.
5. Plastike ya furo: ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
6. Ibikoresho bya plastiki yubuhanga: Hariho ubwoko bwa thermosetting nubwoko bwa thermoplastique.Ubwoko bwa Thermoplastique burashobora kubumbwa cyangwa guterwa inshinge cyangwa kwimurwa.Ahanini ikoreshwa mu kwisiga, gufunga, kubika ibikoresho.Ibikoresho bya Guangcheng polyimide byatangiye gukoreshwa mubice byubukanishi nka compressor rotary vanes, impeta ya piston hamwe na kashe idasanzwe ya pompe.
7. Ibifatika: bikoreshwa nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwubatswe.Ibikoresho bya Guangcheng polyimide byakozwe nkibikoresho byo kubika ibikoresho byinshi bya elegitoroniki.
8. Gutandukanya ibice: bikoreshwa mugutandukanya ibice bibiri bya gaze, nka hydrogène / azote, azote / ogisijeni, karuboni ya dioxyde / azote cyangwa metani, nibindi, kugirango ikureho amazi ya gaze ya hydrocarubone yo mu kirere na alcool.Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nka pervaporation membrane na ultrafiltration membrane.Bitewe no kurwanya ubushyuhe no kurwanya ibinyabuzima bya polyimide, bifite akamaro kanini mugutandukanya imyuka kama namazi.
9. Ufotora: Hano haribintu bibi kandi byiza birwanya, kandi imyanzuro irashobora kugera kurwego rwa subicron.Irashobora gukoreshwa muri firime yamabara ya firime ihujwe na pigment cyangwa amarangi, bishobora koroshya cyane uburyo bwo gutunganya.
10. Gushyira mubikoresho bya microelectronic: nkurwego rwa dielectric kurwego rwo guhuza interineti, nkigice cya buffer kugirango ugabanye imihangayiko no kuzamura umusaruro.Nkurwego rukingira, irashobora kugabanya ingaruka zibidukikije ku gikoresho, kandi irashobora no gukingira a-ibice, kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho ikosa ryoroshye (softerror) ryigikoresho.
11. Guhuza umukozi wo kwerekana ibintu byerekana kristu:Polyimideifite uruhare runini muguhuza ibikoresho bya TN-LCD, SHN-LCD, TFT-CD hamwe na ferroelektrike y'amazi ya kirisiti yerekana.
12. Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki-optique: bikoreshwa nkibikoresho bya pasiporo cyangwa bikora, ibikoresho byo guhinduranya optique, nibindi.ituze.
Muri make, ntago bigoye kubona impamvu polyimide ishobora kwitandukanya na polymers nyinshi ya aromatic heterocyclic polymers yagaragaye mumwaka wa 1960 na 1970, amaherezo ikaba icyiciro cyingenzi cyibikoresho bya polymer.
5. Ibitekerezo:
Nibikoresho byizewe bya polymer,polyimideyamenyekanye byuzuye, kandi ikoreshwa ryayo mugukoresha ibikoresho nibikoresho byubaka bigenda byiyongera.Kubijyanye nibikoresho bikora, biragaragara, kandi ubushobozi bwayo buracyashakishwa.Ariko, nyuma yimyaka 40 yiterambere, ntabwo irahinduka ubwoko bunini.Impamvu nyamukuru nuko ibiciro bikiri hejuru cyane ugereranije nabandi bapolisi.Kubwibyo, kimwe mubyerekezo byingenzi byubushakashatsi bwa polyimide mugihe kizaza bigomba kuba uburyo bwo kugabanya ibiciro muri synthesis ya monomer hamwe na polymerisation.
1. Synthesis ya monomers: Monomers ya polyimide ni dianhydride (tetraacid) na diamine.Uburyo bwa synthesis ya diamine irakuze, kandi diamine nyinshi nayo iraboneka mubucuruzi.Dianhydride ni monomer idasanzwe, ikoreshwa cyane muri synthesis ya polyimide usibye imiti ikiza epoxy resin.Dianhydride ya Pyromellitis hamwe na anhydride ya trimellitike irashobora kuboneka mugice kimwe cya gaze hamwe na okiside ya fiside ya okiside ya durene na trimethylene yakuwe mumavuta aremereye cyane, umusaruro wo gutunganya peteroli.Ibindi byingenzi bya dianhydride, nka benzophenone dianhydride, biphenyl dianhydride, diphenyl ether dianhydride, hexafluorodianhydride, nibindi, byashizwemo muburyo butandukanye, ariko ikiguzi gihenze cyane.ibihumbi icumi.Byatunganijwe na Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Academy of Science of China, isuku-4-chlorophthalic anhydride na 3-chlorophthalic anhydride irashobora kuboneka muri o-xylene chlorine, okiside no gutandukanya isomerisation.Gukoresha ibyo bikoresho byombi nkibikoresho fatizo birashobora guhuza urukurikirane rwa dianhydride, hamwe nubushobozi bukomeye bwo kugabanya ibiciro, ninzira yubukorikori.
2. Inzira ya Polymerisation: Uburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bubiri nintambwe imwe ya polycondensation yintambwe imwe yose ikoresha ibishishwa byinshi.Igiciro cyibishishwa bya apotic nikigereranyo kiri hejuru, kandi biragoye kubikuraho.Hanyuma, ubuvuzi bwo hejuru burakenewe.Uburyo bwa PMR bukoresha inzoga zidahenze.Thermoplastique polyimide irashobora kandi guhindurwa polymerisime hanyuma igahunikwa neza muri extruder hamwe na dianhydride na diamine, ntamuti ukenewe, kandi imikorere irashobora kunozwa cyane.Ninzira yubukungu yubukungu cyane kugirango ibone polyimide ukoresheje polymerizike ya chlorophthalic anhydride hamwe na diamine, bispenol, sodium sulfide cyangwa sulfure yibanze utanyuze muri dianhydride.
3. Gutunganya: Gukoresha polyimide ni ngari cyane, kandi haribisabwa bitandukanye kugirango bitunganyirizwe, nkuburinganire buke bwo gukora firime, kuzunguruka, gushira imyuka, sub-micron Photolithography, urukuta rwimbitse rwanditseho Etching, ahantu hanini, nini- gushushanya amajwi, gushiramo ion, gutunganya neza laser, tekinoroji ya nano-nini ya Hybrid, nibindi byafunguye isi yagutse yo gukoresha polyimide.
Hamwe nogutezimbere kurushaho gutunganya tekinoroji yo gutunganya ikoranabuhanga rya synthesis hamwe no kugabanuka kwinshi kwibiciro, hamwe nubushobozi bwayo bukomeye hamwe nubushakashatsi bw’amashanyarazi, polyimide ya termoplastique rwose izagira uruhare runini mubijyanye nibikoresho mugihe kizaza.Kandi thermoplastique polyimide irarenze kuberako itunganijwe neza.
6. Umwanzuro:
Impamvu nyinshi zingenzi ziterambere ryihuta ryapolyimide:
1. Gutegura ibikoresho fatizo kubyara polyimide: ubuziranenge bwa pyromellitis dianhydride ntibihagije.
2. Ibikoresho fatizo bya pyromellitis dianhydride, ni ukuvuga umusaruro wa durene ni muto.Umusaruro mpuzamahanga: toni 60.000 / mwaka, umusaruro wimbere mu gihugu: toni 5.000 / umwaka.
3. Igiciro cy'umusaruro wa pyromellitis dianhydride ni kinini cyane.Kwisi, toni zigera kuri 1,2-1.4 za durene zitanga toni 1 ya pyromellitis dianhydride, mugihe abayikora neza mugihugu cyanjye kugeza ubu batanga toni zigera kuri 2.0-2.25 za durene.toni, gusa Changshu Federal Chemical Co., Ltd yageze kuri toni 1,6 / toni.
4. Igipimo cy'umusaruro wa polyimide ni gito cyane ku buryo udashobora gukora inganda, kandi ingaruka za polyimide ni nyinshi kandi ziragoye.
5. Ibigo byinshi byo murugo bifite imyumvire gakondo isabwa, igabanya aho usaba kurwego runaka.Basanzwe bakoresha ibicuruzwa byamahanga mbere cyangwa bakabona ibicuruzwa byamahanga mbere yo kubishakisha mubushinwa.Ibikenerwa na buri kigo biva mubikenerwa nabakiriya bo hasi yikigo, ibitekerezo byamakuru namakuru;imiyoboro yinkomoko ntabwo yoroshye, hariho amahuza menshi aringaniye, kandi umubare wamakuru yukuri ntameze.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-13-2023